Abstract: The effect of thermal deformation parameters on mechanical properties of 16Mn2VB steel was studied.The results show that the cooling way after thermal deformation has the largest effect on hardness of 16Mn2VB steel.The second important factor is deformation strain and the third important factor is deformation temperature.After thermal deforamtion at 1050℃ and 1100℃, the tensile strength increases with the increase of cooling speed.After thermal deforamtion at 1200℃, with the increase of cooling speed, the tensile strength decreases firstly and then increases.