Abstract: Anode material affect the performance of a benthic microbial fuel cell(BMFC) directly.In this paper,the graphite anode was treated with Fenton's reagent which is environmental friendly.After the treatment,hydroxyl and carbonyl groups are formed on the graphite surface and its contact angle decreased from 82° to 48°,hence,the anode hydrophilicity is improved af-ter modification.Tafel plot presents that the exchange current densities before and after the modification are 0.05 A/m² and 0.17 A/m² respectively.Therefore its kinetic activity is significantly improved,more than 2 fold higher than the plain.Themaximum power densities of the modified and the plain anodes are 33.21 mW/m²,20.27 mW/m² respectively,improved by 64%.The reason of the improvement may lay to the increase of bacterias on the modified surface and after modification,the acceleration to anode reaction of hydroxyl and carbonyl groups which act as electron transfer mediator.