Abstract: Owing to the unique nanostructure and excellent performance compared with conventional polymer-based composites, polymer/montmorillonite nanocomposites exhibit extensive development and application prospects.As a result, the preparation of polymer/montmorillonite nanocomposites has been confirmed as an essential way to explore high functional composites, and highlighted in the scientific research field of new materials.In this paper, recent research progress in methods of the preparation of polymer/montmorillonite nanocomposites, as well as the organic modification of montmorillonite were summarized.