Abstract: Based on the regulation for toxicity assessment of nonmetallic materials in ships and the permissible concentration for air components in the chambers of surface ship, qualitative and quantitative analysis of substances released from HZF-S polyester fiber material at room temperature and decomposed products of the material at high temperature was made by using GC-MS and GC technique. There were 7 kinds of air composition at room temperature and 51 kinds of decomposed products at high temperature from HZF-S polyester fiber material. During the material was sealed in a box, the concentration of released products at room temperature did not surpass the permissible concentration for air components in the chambers of surface ship, The half lethal concentration for animal acute inhalation the high temperature pyrolysis LC₅₀ was 95 g/m³, the material was evaluated low toxicity by the mouse experiment.