Abstract: The characteristics, types and braiding structure of UHMWPE fiber are introduced, the bullet proof mechanism of the UHMWPE fiber-reinforced composite is analyzed, the influences of the fabric structure of UHMWPE, resin matrix properties and interface properties on the bullet proof property are summarized, the advantages and disadvantages of UHMWPE fiber-reinforced composite are summarized, and the future development of the UHMWPE fiber-reinforced composite material is prospected.