Abstract: The new preparation technology of niobium zirconium alloy rod, replacing “hammer forging+radial forging+type rolling+oxidizing drawing+acid pickling” by “extruding+radial forging+type rolling+coating drawing”, was studied, and the effects of deformation process, annealing temperature and holding time on the recrystallization grain size of niobium zirconium alloy rods were investigated. The finished products were heat treated at 1 350 ℃ for 60 min in vacuum atmosphere. The optimum size grade of the material was above 7.