形状偏差对具有线性塑变本构关系的各向同性均质弹塑性材料圆棒试样单轴拉伸试验颈缩变形的影响分析

Analysis of the Effects of Shape Deviation on Necking Deformation of Isotropy Elastic-Plastic Materials with Linear Plastic Constitutive Relationship in Uniaxial Tensile Testing

  • 摘要: 采用弹塑性有限元方法分析了试样形状偏差对具有线性塑变本构关系的各向同性均质弹塑性材料圆棒试样单轴拉伸颈缩变形的影响,结果表明:随着形状偏差角正切值tan β的增大,颈缩形成临界总伸长率△Ln/L0和颈缩初始截面半径比rc0/Rt均呈线性形式减小,颈缩区初始尺寸比l0n/rc0呈抛物线形式减速增大;形状偏差对颈缩最小截面半径收缩比rc/rc0与颈缩阶段拉伸位移比△l/rc0的相关性无影响,rc/rc0随△l/r0c的增大呈指数函数形式加速减小;形状偏差影响颈缩区旋转母线拐点与最小截面间距比zip/rc0与△l/rc0的相关性,但对拐点截面半径比rip/rc0与△l/rc0的相关性、切线斜率kipt与△l/rc0的相关性无明显影响,rip/rc0随△l/rc0的增大呈指数函数形式加速减小,kipt随△l/rc0的增大呈指数函数形式加速增大。

     

    Abstract: The effects of shape’s deviation on the necking deformation of the isotropy elastic-plastic material with the linear plastic stress-strain relationship in the uniaxial tensile testing are studied by elastic-plastic finite element method. The results indicate that with the increasing of the tangent of the shape’s deviation angle tanβ, both the critical value of total elongation of necking △Ln/L0 and the initial necking sectional radius’s ratio rc0/Rt decrease linearly, and the initial necking sizes’ ratio l0n/rc0 increases retardedly as parabolic function. The shape’s deviation has no effect on the relationship between the minimal sectional radius’s ratio rc/rc0 and the displacement’s ratio △l/rc0 during necking, and the rc/rc0 decreases exponentially with the increase of △l/rc0. The shape’s deviation has an obvious effect on the relationship between the ratio of the distance from necking minimal section to inflection point to the initial necking sectional radius zip/rc0 and the displacement’s ratio △l/rc0 during necking, but has no obvious effects on the relationship between the ratio of the sectional radius at inflection point to the initial necking sectional radius rip/rc0 and the △l/rc0, and the relationship between the slopes of tangent line at inflection point kipt and △l/rc0. With the increase of △l/rc0, the rip/rc0 decreases exponentially acceleratively and the kipt increases exponentially acceleratively.

     

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