Al-Cu-Sc耐热铝合金板材成形极限与拉形回弹规律

Forming Limit and Springback Behavior of Al-Cu-Sc Aluminum Heat-resistant Alloy Sheet

  • 摘要: 本研究采用缺口试样拉伸和曲面试件拉形实验,探究了Al-Cu-Sc耐热铝合金薄壁曲面构件的成形极限与回弹规律。结果表明:随试样缺口曲率半径的减小,可以实现试样从单向拉伸到平面应变状态的改变,其应变比|ε2/ε1|从0.40降低到0.06,成形极限应变从0.219降低到0.084,断裂应变从0.416降低到0.109;弧形试样的拉形变形均匀性较矩形试样的高;相比直接拉形的T6态板材,采用拉形+时效处理的W态板材不仅力学性能接近T8态的,且试件曲率半径与目标值偏差仅为2.4%,表明时效处理对试件成形精度的影响较小。本研究结果可为无人装备曲面蒙皮的高精度成形提供理论支撑。

     

    Abstract: The forming limit and springback behavior of Al-Cu-Sc heat-resistant aluminum alloy for thin-walled curved parts are investigated by notched specimen tensile and curved specimen stretch-forming tests. Results show that with the decrease of notch radius, the deformation state of the specimen can transform from uniaxial tension to plane strain, with the strain ratio |ε2/ε1| decreasing from 0.40 to 0.06, the forming limit strain decreasing from 0.219 to 0.084, and the fracture strain decreasing from 0.146 to 0.109. The deformation uniformity of the curved specimen is better than that of the rectangular specimen. Compared with the directly formed from T6-tempered sheets, the W-tempered sheets with stretch-forming and aging treatments has similar mechanical properties with the T8-tempered sheets, and the deviation of the notch radius of the W-tempered sheets and the target value is only 2.4%, indicating that the aging treatment has slight effect on the forming precision. This study offers theoretical support for the high-precision forming of unmanned equipment curved skins.

     

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