Ti-6Al-4V环材的力学性能各向异性和均匀性研究

Investigation of Anisotropy and Homogeneity in Mechanical Properties of Ti-6Al-4V Ring-shaped Material

  • 摘要: 随着钛合金应用的不断拓展,钛合金环材已逐步在海洋船舶领域得到推广应用。因此,为保障船舶结构在工作过程中的安全性与可靠性,需重点关注钛合金环材的各向异性及均匀性。本研究针对Ti-6Al-4V合金环材,系统研究了其拉伸性能、冲击性能及断裂韧性的各向异性与均匀性,并深入分析了导致性能差异的内在原因。环材的拉伸性能存在各向异性和不均匀性,在同一位置处,弦向试样屈服强度高于轴向试样;在不同位置取样时,1/2壁厚位置试样的屈服强度和抗拉强度最低,外表面处试样最高。冲击性能研究表明缺口轴线垂直于环材内外表面的试样的冲击性能存在明显的各向异性,在不同位置取样的冲击性能亦存在不均匀性。微观结构分析表明晶粒尺寸、织构、晶粒取向及孪晶对冲击性能的各向异性和均匀性产生影响。环材的KIC值不存在明显的各向异性,但存在不均匀性,1/2壁厚处试样的KIC值最高,外表面和内表面处试样KIC值相差不大。

     

    Abstract: With the continuous expansion of titanium alloy applications, titanium alloy ring materials have gradually been popularized and applied in the field of marine vessels. Therefore, to ensure the safety and reliability of ship structures during operation, it is essential to focus on the anisotropy and homogeneity of titanium alloy ring materials. This study systematically investigated the anisotropy and homogeneity of tensile properties, impact properties, and fracture toughness of Ti-6Al-4V alloy ring materials, and further analyzed the internal reasons leading to the differences in properties. Tensile properties of the ring materials exhibited anisotropy and inhomogeneity. At the same location, the yield strength of circumferential samples was higher than that of axial samples; when samples were taken from different locations, the yield strength and tensile strength of samples at the 1/2 wall thickness position were the lowest, while those at the outer surface were the highest. The impact properties of samples with notches perpendicular to the inner and outer surfaces of the ring material exhibited obvious anisotropy, and the impact properties also show inhomogeneity when samples were taken from different positions. Microstructural analysis indicated that grain size, texture, grain orientation, and twins may influence the anisotropy and homogeneity of impact properties. KIC values of the ring material showed insignificant anisotropy and obvious inhomogeneity, with the highest KIC values observed in samples taken from the 1/2 wall thickness position, while KIC values of samples from the outer and inner surfaces were roughly similar.

     

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