Processability, Microstructure, and Mechanical Property of Al-Si-Mg-Zr-Cu Alloy Fabricated by Selective Laser Melting
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摘要: 为提升激光选区熔化(SLM)Al-Si-Mg系铝合金的强度,本研究以SLM专用高Mg含量Al-Si-Mg-Zr合金为基础,通过引入Cu元素对合金进行成分改性,系统研究了Al-Si-Mg-Zr-Cu合金的SLM成形性、显微组织和力学性能。结果表明,在250 W低激光功率下,合金具有良好的SLM成形性能,最大相对密度为99.8％。合金的显微组织以等轴晶为主,熔池内部存在少量的柱状晶,合金的晶粒内部包含网状亚结构,α-Al基体内存在纳米级沉淀相。在激光功率250 W,激光扫描速度1 200 mm/s的工艺参数下制备的SLM成形Al-Si-Mg-Zr-Cu合金的显微硬度为(159±4)HV、抗拉强度为(461±25) MPa、屈服强度为(397±32) MPa、伸长率为(2.4±0.7)%,其强度明显高于目前报道的SLM成形Al-Si-Mg系铝合金的。
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关键词:
- 激光选区熔化 /
- Cu改性Al-Si-Mg-Zr合金 /
- 微观组织 /
- 力学性能
Abstract: In order to improve the strength of the laser selective melted (SLM) Al-Si-Mg aluminum alloy, a Cu-modified Al-Si-Mg-Zr alloy with high Mg content is fabricated. The processability, microstructure, and mechanical property of the SLM-fabricated Al-Si-Mg-Zr-Cu alloy are systematically studied. The results indicate that the sample exhibits good SLM processability at low laser power (250 W), with a maximum relative density of 99.8%. The microstructure of the alloy is mainly composed of equiaxed grains, with a small amount of columnar grains distributed in the melt pool. The grains contain reticular substructures, and there are nanoscale precipitates exising in the α-Al matrix. When the luse power is 250 W, and the scanning speed is 1 200 mm/s, the microhardness, tensile strength, yield strength, and elongation of the samples are (158 ± 4)HV, (461 ± 25) MPa, (397±32) MPa, and (2.4±0.7)%, respectively. The strength of the SLM-fabricated Al-Si-Mg-Zr-Cu alloy is higher than that of the SLM-fabricated Al-Si-Mg alloy. -
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