Abstract: Microbial fuel cell(MFC) is a bioelectrochemical device which can change chemical energy into electricity with electricigens as catalyst. Since the anode is where the metabolism of electricigens happen, and it has significant influence on the biochemical reaction process, the electron transfer efficiency, as well as the internal resistance of MFC, the anode materials are important for the power generation of MFC. In this paper, the progress of study on MFC anode materials is reviewed, the effect of anode materials on electricity generation of MFC and their work mechanism introduced, and the future development of high performance anode materials prospected.