Fracture Failure Analysis of 20Cr13 Steel Bolt
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摘要: 螺栓紧固件事关设备的安全运行,有必要对其失效原因进行分析。通过宏观形貌观察、化学成分分析、力学性能测试、显微组织和断口形貌观察及腐蚀产物能谱分析等手段,对船舶设备用20Cr13马氏体不锈钢制螺栓的断裂原因进行了综合分析。结果表明,低温回火处理的20Cr13钢,其回火脆性增加,硬度超过国家标准的要求。螺栓在海水环境和应力作用下,表面发生点蚀和缝隙腐蚀,产生微裂纹,最终导致应力腐蚀断裂。Abstract: Bolt fasteners are related to the safe operation of equipment, and it is necessary to analyze the failure reasons of bolt fasteners. The fracture phenomena of 20Cr13 martensitic stainless steel bolts for marine equipment are analyzed comprehensively by means of macroscopic morphology, chemical composition analysis, mechanical property test, microstructure, fracture morphology observation and energy spectrum analysis of the corrosion products. The results show that the tempering brittleness of 20Cr13 steel treated at low temperature increases and the hardness exceeds the standard. Under seawater environment and stress, pitting corrosion and crevice corrosion occur on the surfaces of bolts and cause micro-cracks, eventually leading to stress corrosion fracture.
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Key words:
- martensitic stainless steel /
- fracture /
- temper brittleness /
- seawater environment /
- stress corrosion
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