Effect of Annealing Temperature on Microstructure and Properties of Thin Titanium Alloy Plate for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell
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摘要: 本研究对冷轧态Ti-Ni-Nb-Ta钛合金薄板在660~860 ℃范围内进行退火,研究了晶粒尺寸、析出物形态及分布、晶界类型对钛合金薄板力学性能和耐腐蚀性能的影响。结果表明,冷轧态钛合金薄板晶粒变形严重,析出相(Ti2Ni)呈长条状分布在基体中;钛合金薄板组织在退火过程中发生静态再结晶,形成等轴晶。当退火温度为660~760 ℃时,随着退火温度的升高,平均晶粒尺寸增加,Ti2Ni部分溶解。当退火温度为860 ℃时,Ti2Ni颗粒完全溶解在基体中,同时β相在晶界处形核,阻止α相进一步长大,平均晶粒尺寸减小。冷轧态钛合金薄板的屈服强度和抗拉强度最高,分别为691.74 MPa和781.68 MPa,断后伸长率最低,为9.62%。当退火温度为660 ~ 860 ℃时,钛合金薄板的屈服强度和抗拉强度随着温度的升高先降低后升高,断后伸长率则先升高后降低。与冷轧态的相比,退火后钛合金薄板的耐腐蚀性提高,其中760 ℃退火后钛合金薄板的腐蚀电流密度和稳态电流密度最低,分别为2.55×10-8 A·cm-2和0.36 μA·cm-2。Abstract: The effects of grain size, precipitate morphology and distribution, grain boundary type on the mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of the cold-rolled Ti-Ni-Nb-Ta titanium alloy sheets annealed in the temperature range of 660-860 ℃ are investigated. The results indicate that the grain deformation of the cold-rolled thin plate is severe, and that the precipitated phase (Ti2Ni) is distributed in long strip in the matrix. A static recrystallization process occurs in the plate in the course of annealing. When the annealing temperature is 660-760 ℃, the average grain size increases with the rise of temperature, and some of Ti2Ni phases dissolute. When the annealing temperature is 860 ℃, the Ti2Ni particles are completely dissolved in the matrix, and the β phase nucleates at the grain boundaries, preventing the further growth of α phase, therefore, the average grain size decreases. The yield and tensile strengths of the cold-rolled titanium alloy sheet are the highest, 691.74 MPa and 781.68 MPa, respectively, while the elongation is 9.62%, the lowest. With the increase of temperature from 660 ℃ to 860 ℃, the yield and tensile strengths decreases first and then increases, and the percentage elongation after fracture increases first and then decreases. Compared with the cold-rolled thin titanium alloy sheet, the sheet annealed has better corrosion resistance. The corrosion current density and stable current density of the titanium alloy sheet annealed at 760 ℃ are the lowest, 2.55×10-8 A·cm-2 and 0.36 μA·cm-2, respectively.
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