Abstract: The distribution of the temperature field of the cold hearth melting under the two feeding processes of drum feed and bar feed is studied by the electron beam cold hearth melting TC4 alloy to provide a theoretical basis for selecting a reasonable melting process route. the results show that the melting temperature fluctuation of the molten bed is large, which is about 92~332℃, the burning rate of Al is 1.5%, the distribution of Al in TC4 alloy is not uniform, and poor and rich Al phenomenon has appeared in some parts of the rolled sheet. The melting temperature of the molten bed of the bar feed is high and constant, the burning rate of Al is 2%, Al is uniformly distributed in TC4 alloy, and the microstructure and composition of rolled sheet are also uniform. In the actual electron beam cold hearth melting TC4 alloy production, bar feed melting process should be chosren be chosen and the about 8% of the alloying element ratio of Al initial material is appropriate.