2022 Vol. 37, No. 1

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Materials Research
Research on Behavior of Tensile-torsional Fatigue of Ti6321 Alloy
CHEN Pei, LI Chong, YUAN Xiaodong, GAO Lingqing, ZHANG Xinyao, CHA Xiaoqin, ZHANG Xinyu, GAO Yuhao
2022, 37(1): 1-7.
[Abstract](74) [PDF 15220KB](12)
Abstract:
The fatigue life of Ti6321 alloy with phase differences of 0°and 30°is analyzed by tensile-torsional fatigue test. The propagation path of micro-cracks and macro-cracks at 0°phase difference is studied, and the fatigue fracture surface analyzed.Resultsshow that axial-torsional fatigue life of Ti6321 alloy at 30° phase difference is shorter than that at 0° phase difference. The Ti6321 surface micro-cracks, mainly affected by shear stress, is initiated in the range of 20°~30° to axial direction. Besides, with the increase of equivalent stress amplitude, the number of initiated surface micro-cracks increases. And the main crack tip makes a sharp turn in the direction of small angle to axial direction due to the main crack and merges with micro-cracks during propagation, which restrains the main crack propagation along the maximum normal stress direction. The main axial-torsional fatigue crack, influenced by the micro-cracks, presents step morphology in the propagation zone.
Crystallization Transition Temperature of RRR300 Superconducting Niobium Plate
ZHANG Jiuhai, LI Zhaobo, LI Xiaoping, HUANG Hao, ZHANG Yajun
2022, 37(1): 8-11.
[Abstract](87) [PDF 16200KB](9)
Abstract:
The RRR300 superconducting niobium plate is the main material for making superconducting cavities. In order to reduce the resistance when making superconducting cavities, it is necessary to anneal the superconducting niobium plate to improve its plasticity. In the study, RRR300 superconducting niobium plate is annealed at different annealing temperatures, and the changes of microstructure, mechanical properties and RRR of RRR300 superconducting niobium plate annealed are observed.Resultsshow that 600 ℃ is the crystallization transition temperature of RRR300 superconducting niobium plate, and that 750 ℃is the ideal treatment temperature, at which temperature, microstructure, mechanical properties and RRR can reach an ideal state.
Effects of Hydrostatic Pressure and Cathodic Polarization on Stress Corrosion of Titanium Alloy in Seawater
SUN Jihong, MAO Liuwei, ZHAO Mingyu, SONG Qingyuan, DU Du
2022, 37(1): 12-16,20.
[Abstract](76) [PDF 8675KB](13)
Abstract:
The effects of hydrostatic pressure and cathodic polarization on stress corrosion of Ti75 alloy are studied by electrochemical polarization test, slow rate test(SSRT), fracture morphology observation and constant deformation stress corrosion test.Resultsshow that hydrostatic pressure has no obvious effect on stress corrosion sensitivity of Ti75 alloy. Under the circumstance of cathodic polarization, the critical stress intensity factor of stress corrosion(KISCC) of Ti75 alloy decreases, and the stress corrosion sensitivity increases with the negative shift of the potential. The critical cathodic polarization potential of hydrogen induced stress corrosion is-0.77 V.
Influence of Interface on Tension-tension Fatigue Property of Fiber Reinforced Plastic Composite Materials
LI Sheng, TAO Hongbo, LI Xiang
2022, 37(1): 17-20.
[Abstract](59) [PDF 5064KB](14)
Abstract:
The influences of interface on the tension-tension fatigue property of fiber reinforced plastic composite materials are studied by orthogonal experimental design and modifying the interface by changing the types of matrix resins and reinforcing materials and adopting coupling agent. The results show that the matching of matrix resins and reinforcing materials have great influence on the tension-tension fatigue performance of fiber reinforced plastic composite materials. The application of coupling agent into the modification of interface can improve the tension-tension fatigue performance of glass fiber reinforced composite materials.
Study on Mechanical Behavior of Lattice Reinforced Foam Sandwich Composite under Hydrostatic Pressure
LIU Yudong, LUO Hao, ZHU Jun
2022, 37(1): 21-28.
[Abstract](139) [PDF 11808KB](10)
Abstract:
The Z-direction lattice reinforced foam sandwich composite material retains the high specific stiffness and strength of the traditional sandwich structure, and greatly improves its Z-direction mechanical properties. At the same time, it has good structural and functional designability to meet the needs of some special extreme conditions. In this paper, the underwater performance of the Z-direction reinforced foam sandwich composite under hydrostatic pressure is experimentally investigated, and the Z-direction deformation and in-plane stress under different pressures are obtained. And based on ABAQUS finite element software, the test simulation model of a Z-direction lattice reinforced foam sandwich composite material under hydrostatic pressure is established, its mechanical behavior is simulated and analyzed from the perspective of finite element, and the force situation of the lattice predicted. The simulation results are similar to that of the experiment, verifying the rationality and reliability of the finite element model, and laying the foundation for the engineering simulation design of materials of this kind.
Material Application
Research on Application of Graphene Loaded Iron Oxide in Electromagnetic Shielding
YE Zhimin, ZHUANG Haiyan, CHEN Xiang, SU Mengxing, WANG Jingjing
2022, 37(1): 29-32,54.
[Abstract](130) [PDF 5820KB](16)
Abstract:
By combining the high frequency characteristics of graphene and the low frequency characteristics of iron oxide, the preparation process conditions and electromagnetic properties of grapheme-supported iron oxide are studied, and the electromagnetic shielding performance of graphene-supported iron oxide composite material is tested.Resultsshow that the magnetic properties of graphene-supported iron oxide are improved, and that the composite material has good electromagnetic shielding performance.
Dynamic and Static Performance Calculation and Experimental Study of a Rubber Vibration Isolator
LIU Jincai, WANG Peng, WANG Wenfei, DING Liang
2022, 37(1): 33-38.
[Abstract](65) [PDF 9316KB](6)
Abstract:
Based on complex mechanical properties of nonmetallic materials in a rubber vibration isolator, the two-parameter constitutive model of rubber material is studied, and the parameters are fitted. The dynamic and static calculation model of vibration isolator is established by finite element software. Then the calculation model are verified by experiments. The results indicate that the calculated results of static deformation and inherent frequency of the vibration isolator are in good agreement with those of the experiments, and that the relative error is less than 10%. The calculation accuracy of this model is proved to be high, which can lay a foundation for the design of vibration isolators with nonmetallic materials in different fields.
Study on Fire and Explosion Proof Performances of Graphite-based Flexible Material for Cable Intermediate Joint
LIU Yuan, DUAN Shaohui, ZHANG Jinguang, ZHAN Weipeng, YANG Yifei
2022, 37(1): 39-44.
[Abstract](129) [PDF 4650KB](7)
Abstract:
Affected by its own quality and external factors, cable short-circuit events occur frequently, so it is necessary to study the fire and explosion proof performances of graphite-based flexible material for cable intermediate joint. Based on the technical parameters of the flexible comprehensive protection device, the test method for material properties is established with experimental instruments, graphite-based flexible materials, ordinary resin-based composites and resin-based composites with 7% red phosphorus carbon forming agent. The influences of graphite-based flexible material on cable release performance, combustion time on material fire proof performance and different loads on material explosion-proof performances are studied by extracting material structure characterization. The results show that the graphite-based flexible material can restrain the heat release and harmful gas release of the cable, and that in the short time fire test, the carbon residue rate of the material is 7.03% and 20.86% higher than those of the other two control materials. The material can restrict the current carrying capacity of the cable within a reasonable range, ensure power supply and postpone the occurrence of explosion, meaning it has good fire and explosion proof performances.
Preparation and Performance Evaluation of Tie-coating for Organosilicon Foulingreleasing Coatings
WANG Li, LIN Cunguo, GUAN Jiawei, SU Yan, ZHANG Jinwei, WU Chuanming, DENG Liang
2022, 37(1): 45-54.
[Abstract](99) [PDF 13283KB](8)
Abstract:
Organosilicon fouling-releasing coating(FRC) has the advantages of being environmentally friendly and long-term antifouling performance, and it has been widely used in marine antifouling and has broad application prospects. Marine anti-corrosion primers are usually epoxy systems. When FRC is directly coated on the surface of the primers, it is easy to fall off and fail due to the poor compatibility with epoxy primers. Therefore, it is very necessary to apply an intermediate connecting paint between the epoxy primer and organosilicon FRC. Based on the analysis of the surface energy and surface residual active groups of general epoxy anti-corrosion primer and organosilicon FRC, a matching organic silicone epoxy tie-coating is designed and prepared, and wettability between the primer and the FRC is improved to promote the bonding performance. The pigment/binder ratio has a great influence on the adhesion performance of the tie-coating and the primer. The adhesion strength gradually increases with the increase of the pigment/binder ratio, within the range of 4.5-12 MPa. The pigment/binder ratio has a small effect on the adhesion performance of the tie-coating and the FRC, the adhesion strength is about 1.4 MPa, and and the FRC and primer. Compared with the IP1100 SR matching coating, the self-developed tie-coating on the propeller blade tip doesn't peel off easily and had better adaptability to the marine environment.
Research on Phased Array Ultrasonic Flaw Detection of Common Defects in Composite Materials by Infusion
YAO Rongyi, ZHANG Xiangdong, GUAN Hongtao, WU Guojing
2022, 37(1): 55-58,65.
[Abstract](41) [PDF 5551KB](7)
Abstract:
Resin infusion process is a common technique for large-scale resin-based composite materials. Due to the complex process, and many influencing factors and manual operations in the resin infusion process, the detection and identification of defects are particularly important. In the study, the common flaws of resin infusion are designed and prefabricated, and then are detected and analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively by using phased array ultrasonic equipment.Resultsshow that the phased array ultrasonic equipment can effectively identify the flaws and quantitatively analysis their depths and sizes. Different flaws have different characteristics of A-scan and S-scan signals.
Study on Laser Cleaning Process of Marine Carbon Steel Shop Primer
WANG Han, NIU Jianmin, YU Wenjuan, HUANG Ruyi, LIU Wentian
2022, 37(1): 59-65.
[Abstract](52) [PDF 15245KB](6)
Abstract:
Aiming at the cleaning requirements of Zn-rich shop primer on marine carbon steel surface, laser paint removal process tests are carried out. The effects of laser cleaning parameters on micro-structure, hardness and tensile properties are analyzed, and the laser cleaning process window of marine carbon steel obtained. The results show that the cleaning effect is very limited at the power of 25 W. When the power increases to 50~100 W, the surface presents bright white metallic color after being cleaned for 2~3 times. As the scanning speed decreases, the cleaning effect will be strengthened, and even damage could be caused. Laser cleaning can lead to the melting of surface and change the surface roughness of the sample, but it will not significantly reduce the performances of the surface material, and has almost no effect on its micro-structure and mechanical properties. The results can provide guidance and reference for the practical application of laser cleaning technology in marine carbon steel paint removal in the future.
Welding Technology
Study on Laser Welding Technology of TA5 Titanium Alloy with Filler Wire
MAO Liang, MA Zhaowei, YUAN Bo, LEI Xiaowei, FU Zhanbo, DU Zhibo
2022, 37(1): 66-71,76.
[Abstract](86) [PDF 9205KB](12)
Abstract:
Laser welding with filler wire is adopted to realize single pass welding and double-sided forming of 4 mm thick TA5 titanium alloy with I-groove, and welding parameters on weld formation, porosity and mechanical properties are studied.Resultsshow that the welding seam is in good shape, and that the tensile strength can reach 797.5 MPa, 98.2% of that of the base metal. With the increase of laser power, the back penetration increases, the weld porosity first decreases and then increases, and the tensile strength increases. When the defocusing amount increases from negative defocusing to positive defocusing, the undercut defects disappear, the porosity first increases and then decreases, and the tensile strength increases. With the increase of welding speed, the back penetration, porosity and tensile strength decrease slightly. The results of metallographic analysis show that in weld zone, α phase has transformed to β phase completely, The rapid cooling rate after welding results in a large number of needle like α′ phase formed in weld zone during the cooling process. In heat affected zone, α phase has partially transformed to β phase was partially destroyed which is mainly made up of bulk α phase and zigzag α phase. The hardness test shows that the hardness of the weld center is the highest, that the hardness of the base metal is the lowest, meaning the hardness from the heat affected zone to the base metal zone decrease. The hardness at the top of the weld is higher than those at the center and the bottom of the weld.
Study on Automatic Pulse-GTAW Welding Process on 5G Position of TA16 Heat Exchange Tube
YIN Yayun, SU Xiaowei, YE Zhangqing, HA Jun, GUO Yufan, TANG Lei
2022, 37(1): 72-76.
[Abstract](162) [PDF 7504KB](5)
Abstract:
Automatic pulse-GTAW welding experiments are carried out on 5G position of TA16 heat exchange tube. Effects of pulse frequency, pulse width ratio, arc starting position, assembly requirements and adding melting ring on weld formation and inner weld quality are studied. Optimized welding parameters are obtained and the visual test, non-destructive test, metallographic structure, mechanical performance, helium leak detection, water pressure test of welded joints obtained by using optimized welding parameters are carried out.Resultsshow that all indexes of the welded joints obtained by adopting optimized welding specifications can meet the requirements of relevant specifications and technical indexes. The study results can provide certain reference for the alpplication of TA16 heat exchange tube on steam generator.
Review
Research Progress on Sliding Electrical Contact Materials for Medium Voltage Slip Rings in Single Point Mooring System
YANG Jian, WANG Yi, WANG Zhiyong, XIONG Yaochen, WU Haihong
2022, 37(1): 77-83,91.
[Abstract](48) [PDF 8129KB](6)
Abstract:
Here are reviewed the research progress of sliding electrical contact materials with high current-carrying density above 10 A/cm2 in the past 40 years, and summarized the current-carrying sliding contact performance of sliding electrical contact materials and the influence of sliding contact friction and wear parameters on the reliability of materials in service. This research can provide references for the future development of high-current sliding electrical contact materials.
Review on Corrosion Failure of Bellows in Urban Heating Pipe Network and Preventive Measures
LIU Yu, CHEN Jizhi, ZHENG Fei, ZHANG Aiqin
2022, 37(1): 84-91.
[Abstract](72) [PDF 12437KB](13)
Abstract:
With the widespread application of bellow compensators in thermal engineering, the corrosion failure of the bellows, a core component, has also attracted great attention. Combined with the failure cases of some bellows, the common corrosion failure forms and influencing factors of stainless steel bellows in the heating pipe networks are summarized, and the preventive measures against corrosion failure of heating bellows from different perspectives summarized. Finally, the limitations and deficiencies of current research on bellow corrosion failure are pointed out, so as to provide ideas and references for future research.
Experience Exchange
Application and Key Technology of Large Composite Airfoil Sail
JIA Siqing, LIU Qixing, DENG Jianhua, WANG Zun
2022, 37(1): 92-97.
[Abstract](64) [PDF 4748KB](13)
Abstract:
Airfoil sail has become the development trend of promoting buoyancy, reducing resistance and improving wind energy utilization. Composite materials have become the preferred material for airfoil sails because of their lightweight, corrosion resistance and fatigue resistance. Here is introduced the characteristics and properties of marine composite airfoil sail, expounds the development process and application status of composite airfoil sail at home and abroad, and is put forward the key technical problems and prospects of large composite airfoil sail.
Surface Treatment of Magnesium Alloys
LIU Luchao, LOU Li
2022, 37(1): 98-102.
[Abstract](92) [PDF 3513KB](11)
Abstract:
Magnesium alloy has low density and high strength, and has been widely used in aviation, aerospace, transportation, chemical industry and other fields in recent years. Here are reviewed properties of magnesium and magnesium alloys, corrosion mechanism of magnesium alloys and the current researches. Besides, surface characteristics, surface treatment principles and technologies and future development are introduced.

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